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Garbage Can Model

Understand decisions in organized ambiguity

Incremental Model

Move through deliberate small decisions

Participative Model

Match participation to the decision

Bargaining Model

Make negotiation assumptions explicit

Bounded-Rationality Model

Design for limited attention

Rational Model

Build a traceable decision path

S.P.A.D.E

Structure a decision from start to explanation

Multi-Vote, Multi-Veto

Use group judgment without hiding dissent

RICE and ICE

Prioritize work with visible assumptions

Golden Circle

Connect purpose to execution

CSD Matrix

Separate facts from assumptions

Two Envelopes Problem

Expose hidden assumptions in averages